Methemoglobinemia (***)

Is characterized by the presence of a higher than normal level of methemoglobin (metHb). (>1%) • metHB is an oxidized form of hemoglobin that has no affinity for oxygen. • Results in tissue hypoxia. • Can be Inherited or Acquired. • Acquired through the use of nitrates (nitroglycerine). • Blood will appear chocolate brown color • Providing normal O2 but patient is cyanotic

Treatment for it:

Methylene Blue (1 – 3 mg/kg) administered slowly over 5 minutes. • HIGH doses (>7mg/kg) of Methylene Blue can CAUSE MetHb • Methylene Blue restores iron in hemoglobin to its normal oxygen-carrying state